Insights into the Microbial L-Asparaginases: from Production to Practical Applications

摘要

L-asparaginase is a valuable protein therapeutic drug utilized for the treatment of leukemiaand lymphomas. Administration of asparaginase leads to asparagine starvation causing inhibition of proteinsynthesis, growth, and proliferation of tumor cells. Besides its clinical significance, the enzyme alsofinds application in the food sector for mitigation of a cancer-causing agent acrylamide. The numerousapplications ensue huge market demands and create a continued interest in the production of costeffective,more specific, less immunogenic and stable formulations which can cater both the clinical andfood processing requirements. The current review article approaches the process parameters of submergedand solid-state fermentation strategies for the microbial production of the L-asparaginase fromdiverse sources, genetic engineering approaches used for the production of L-asparaginase enzyme andmajor applications in clinical and food sectors. The review also addresses the immunological issues associatedwith the L-asparaginase usage and the immobilization strategies, drug delivery systems employedto circumvent the toxicity complications are also discussed. The future prospects for microbial Lasparaginaseproduction are discussed at the end of the review article.