Alternatives to biodiversity offsets for mitigating the effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems

Coker Myles E.; Bond Nick R.; Chee Yung En; Walsh Christopher J.

摘要

Abstract >Globally, offset schemes have emerged in many statutory frameworks relating to development activities, with the aim of balancing biodiversity conservation and development. Although the theory and use of biodiversity offsets in terrestrial environments is broadly documented, little attention has been paid to offsets in stream ecosystems. Here we examine the application of offset schemes to stream ecosystems and explore whether they suffer similar shortcomings to those of offset schemes focused on terrestrial biodiversity. To challenge the applicability of offsets further, we discuss typical trajectories of urban expansion and their cascading physical, chemical and biological impacts on stream ecosystems. We argue that the highly connected nature of stream ecosystems and urban drainage networks can transfer impacts of urbanization across wide areas, complicating the notion of like‐for‐like exchange and the prospect of effectively mitigating biodiversity loss. Instead, we identify in‐catchment options for stormwater control, which can avoid or minimize the impacts of development on downstream ecosystems, while presenting additional public and private benefits. We describe the underlying principles of these alternatives, some of the challenges associated with their uptake, and policy initiatives being trialed to facilitate adoption. In conclusion, we argue that stronger policies to avoid and minimize the impacts of urbanization provide better prospects for protecting downstream ecosystems, and can additionally, stimulate economic opportunities and improve urban liveability. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><abstract xmlns =“http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/wiley”type =“main”xml：lang =“en”> <title type =“main”>全球抽象</ title> >许多法定框架出现了与发展活动有关的许多法定框架，目的是平衡生物多样性保护和发展。虽然陆地环境中的生物多样性抵消的理论和使用经过广泛记录，但是在流生态系统中的偏移量很少关注。在这里，我们研究了偏移方案的应用，以汇流生态系统，并探索它们是否遭受相似的缺点方案，专注于陆地生物多样性。为了进一步挑战抵消的适用性，我们讨论了城市扩张的典型轨迹及其对流生态系统的级联的物理，化学和生物学影响。我们认为，流生态系统和城市排水网络的高度相连的性质可以在广泛的领域中转移城市化的影响，使更类似的交流的概念和有效减轻生物多样性损失的前景。相反，我们识别雨水控制的集水机组，可以避免或最大限度地减少在下游生态系统上的发展影响，同时提出额外的公共和私人福利。我们描述了这些替代方案的基本原则，与他们的吸收相关的一些挑战以及正在审判的政策举措，以促进通过。总之，我们认为，避免和最大限度地减少城市化影响的更强的政策为保护下游生态系统提供了更好的前景，并且可以另外，刺激经济机会，提高城市居住能力。</ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-17051/'>《Conservation Biology》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2018年第4期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共9页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Coker Myles E.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Coker Myles E.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Bond Nick R.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Bond Nick R.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Chee Yung En&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Chee Yung En;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Walsh Christopher J.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Walsh Christopher J.;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>School of Ecosystem and Forest SciencesThe University of Melbourne500 Yarra Boulevard Burnley Victoria 3121 Australia;</p> <p>The Murray‐Darling Freshwater Research CentreLa Trobe University133 McKoy St West Wodonga Victoria 3690 Australia;</p> <p>School of Ecosystem and Forest SciencesThe University of Melbourne500 Yarra Boulevard Burnley Victoria 3121 Australia;</p> <p>School of Ecosystem and Forest SciencesThe University of Melbourne500 Yarra Boulevard Burnley Victoria 3121 Australia;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/1957.html" title="环境生物学">环境生物学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=ecological compensation&option=203" rel="nofollow">ecological compensation;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=freshwater ecosystems&option=203" rel="nofollow">freshwater ecosystems;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=mitigation hierarchy&option=203" rel="nofollow">mitigation hierarchy;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=stormwater management&option=203" rel="nofollow">stormwater management;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=urban development&option=203" rel="nofollow">urban development;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=compensación ecológica&option=203" rel="nofollow">compensación ecológica;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=desarrollo urbano&option=203" rel="nofollow">desarrollo urbano;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=ecosistemas fluviales&option=203" rel="nofollow">ecosistemas fluviales;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=jerarquía de mitigaciones&option=203" rel="nofollow">jerarquía de mitigaciones;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=manejo de aguas pluviales&option=203" rel="nofollow">manejo de aguas pluviales;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=?减轻影响的层级结构&option=203" rel="nofollow">?减轻影响的层级结构;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=生态补偿&option=203" rel="nofollow">生态补偿;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=城市发展&option=203" rel="nofollow">城市发展;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=雨水管理&option=203" rel="nofollow">雨水管理;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=淡水生态系统&option=203" rel="nofollow">淡水生态系统;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：ecological compensation;freshwater ecosystems;mitigation hierarchy;stormwater management;urban development;compensación ecológica;desarrollo urbano;ecosistemas fluviales;jerarquía de mitigaciones;manejo de aguas pluviales;?减轻影响的层级结构;生态补偿;城市发展;雨水管理;淡水生态系统; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" 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href="/academic-journal-cn_chinese-journal-tissue-engineering-research_thesis/0201278063672.html">无钙型局部枸橼酸抗凝用于连续性肾脏替代治疗的不同补钙途径对钙离子的影响:前瞻性随机交叉试验方案</a> <b>[J]</b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=姜变通&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 姜变通</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=张志刚&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,张志刚</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=靳修&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,靳修</a> <span> <a href="/journal-cn-14215/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor"> . 中国组织工程研究 </a> </span> <span> . 2020</span><span>,第005期</span> </span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>5. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-cn_china-food-additives_thesis/020125162916.html">生物酶技术应用于面包焙烤暨生物酶技术应用于溴酸钾的替代方案</a> <b>[J]</b> <span> <a 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algae genetic engineering to mitigate the effect of the release of genetic characteristics by genetic engineering Or cyanobacteria in natural ecosystems</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  CL2010000420A1 </span> <span> . 2010-10-01</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：一种通过基因工程从藻类或蓝细菌向自然生态系统释放至少一个有利特性的方法;从藻类遗传工程引入了遗传工程，以减轻自然生态系统中遗传工程或蓝细菌释放遗传特征的影响 </span> </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="theme cardcommon" style="overflow: auto;display:none"> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent55">相关主题</h3> <ul id="subject"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="right rightcon"> <div class="details_img cardcommon clearfix" style="margin-bottom: 10px;display:none;" > </div> </div> </div> <div id="thesis_get_original1" class="downloadBth" style="bottom: 19px;z-index: 999;" onclick="ywcd('0704022284567','4',7,2,1,'',this,24)" class="delivery" 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