Mildew and scab resistance of apple cultivars, selections and progenies

摘要

A programmer for breeding apple for resistance to the fungal diseases scab and mildew began in 1985. Along with the standard sources of resistance to Venturia inaequalis (genes V_f, V_r and V_a) and Podosphaera leucotricha (Pl_1 and Pl_2), local apple varieties were used. The aim was to develop new cultivars with multiple and durable disease resistance or tolerance, good dessert quality and storage capacity. A total of 257 cultivars and selections were tested under a limited spray programmer and in unsprayed conditions. The resistance was verified on the most resistant accessions in a shoot test using artificial inoculation in the greenhouse. Inheritance studies were carried out in crosses with highly field resistant local cultivars, 'Sumatovka' and 'Bihorka', and selections, NS 1/27 and NS 1/105, as male parents and standard high quality cultivars, 'Prima,' 'Cox's Orange Pippin', 'Freedom', 'Florina', 'Melrose', 'Golden Delicious' and 'Granny Smith,' as female parents.