Usefulness of selected strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) genotypes for breeding late ripening cultivars.

摘要

Ten short-day strawberry genotypes were crossed in a 10x10 half-diallel design in Poland to produce 45 F1 full-sib families (Griffing's method 4; Griffing, 1956). The types differed in important agronomic traits, but mostly in ripening time: 'Camarosa', 'Elkat' and 'Marmolada Onebor' ripen mid-season; 'Filon', 'Pegasus' and 'Segal' ripen mid to late season; 'Vikat' and 'Vicoda' ripen late season; 'Pandora' and 'Sophie' ripen very late. The traits observed in 2001 and 2002 were time of fruit ripening, marketable yield, fruit weight, infestation of fruits by grey mould (Botrytis cinerea), and susceptibility of the plants to 3 leaf diseases, Mycosphaerella fragariae, Diplocarpon earliana [D. earlianum] and Sphaerotheca macularis. Analyses of variance of data from within one year and averaged over 2 years were performed according to the fixed Griffing's model for the method 4. General and specific combining ability (GCA and SCA) effects differed significantly for most of the traits, indicating that both additive and non-additive genetic effects were important in the expression of these traits in the parents and their progenies, although their relative importance differed for the traits and years. 'Pandora' could be especially recommended as a parent in breeding programmes aimed at developing late ripening strawberry cultivars. The remaining recommended cultivars, 'Vikat', 'Vicoda' and 'Sophie', exhibited high positive GCA effects for ripening time, and contributed to improving desired levels of other traits in their progeny, e.g. fruit weight ('Vicoda') or resistance to M. fragariae and D. earliana ('Vicoda' and 'Vikat')..