Testing new dwarfing apple rootstocks from Polish and foreign breeding programmes.

摘要

An experiment carried out over 9 years (1991-1999) near Skierniewice, Poland showed that trees of Cortland, Gloster and Lobo, grafted on P 14 were similar or slightly smaller than trees on M.26. Trees grafted on MARK, 62-396, P 2 and on sub-clones of M.9; (T.337, T.339, Pajam 1 and Pajam 2) were similar in size to the trees grown on M.9 EMLA. All three cultivars grown on YP rootstocks were the largest, whereas on P 59, B 9, P 22 and Jork 9 were the smallest. The highest index of cropping efficiency(expressed as kg of fruit/cm2 trunk cross area) for Cortland was recorded from P 59, B 9 and T.337, which were compared to Gloster trees on P 22, Jork 9 and Pajam 2 and Lobo trees on MARK and 62-396. Among the rootstocks tested, the most suitable for Polish conditions on light soils are P 14, M.26 and P 60. For fertile soils, recommended dwarf rootstocks are M.9 EMLA and M.9 sub-clones, P 59 and P 22.