Mesenchymal stromal cells: Filling the void of immunosuppressive therapy in aplastic anemia?

摘要

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been used in the context of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to treat graft-versus-host disease and stimulate tissue repair. Their relative ease of manufacture, immunomodulatory, differentiation and regenerative properties, weak recognition by host immunity, and favorable risk profile make MSCs attractive in inducing tolerance in the setting of transplantation and autoimmunity (1). Recently) co-culture of MSCs with umbilical cord blood cells have led to rapid engraftment comparable to that of an adult donor graft (2). MSC treatments have also been applied in autoimmune disease such as inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis and in tissue repair in degenerative conditions such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (3). In the next few years we can expect the role of MSC in HSCT and autoimmune diseases to be increasingly defined in this rapidly evolving field.