Outcome of children relapsing after first allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukaemia: a retrospective I‐BFM analysis of 333 children

摘要

Summary Outcome of 333 children with acute myeloid leukaemia relapsing after a first allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation was analyzed. Four‐year probability of overall survival (4y‐pOS) was 14%. 4y‐pOS for 122 children receiving a second haematopoietic stem cell transplantation was 31% and 3% for those that did not ( P ?=?0·0001). Achievement of a subsequent remission impacted survival ( P ?=?0·0001). For patients receiving a second transplant survival with or without achieving a subsequent remission was comparable. Graft source (bone marrow vs. peripheral blood stem cells, P ?=?0·046) and donor choice (matched family vs. matched unrelated donor, P ?=?0·029) positively impacted survival after relapse. Disease recurrence and non‐relapse mortality at four?years reached 45% and 22%.