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Daily laying time in free-living European starlings: Solar noon, a potential synchronizer

机译:自由生活的欧洲八哥的每日产蛋时间:正午,潜在的同步器

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摘要

Reproduction is generally controlled by important temporal constraints involving complex adaptive mechanisms. Birds, in temperate zones, present marked breeding seasonality as well as marked daily organization of reproductive behavior, especially laying. Intra-specific variability and determinants of this pattern have been investigated mainly in domestic non-passerine birds. The present study analyzed the daily temporal organization of laying in a free-living species, the European starling, Sturnus vulgaris. Breeding in a starling colony was monitored for five consecutive years using a non-invasive method (infrared video camera) to precisely estimate laying times. European starlings present a marked daily laying rhythm, ovipositions occurring only during a morning species-specific temporal window. Inside this laying window, time intervals between successive eggs varied greatly among females. Contrary to many species, the light/dark cycle did not appear to control laying time in European starlings, but daily variations of the ultraviolet composition of the solar spectrum appeared to be a possible Zeitgeber of this behavior.
机译:繁殖通常受涉及复杂的适应机制的重要时间限制所控制。温带地区的鸟类表现出明显的繁殖季节以及生殖行为(特别是产卵)的日常组织。主要在家禽非雀形鸟中研究了这种模式的种内变异性和决定因素。本研究分析了欧洲八哥,S八哥等自由生活物种的产卵时间结构。使用非侵入性方法(红外摄像机)连续五年监测八哥菌落的繁殖情况,以精确估计产卵时间。欧洲star鸟每天都有明显的产卵节律,产卵仅在早晨特定物种的时间窗期间发生。在这个产卵窗内,雌性之间连续卵之间的时间间隔差异很大。与许多物种相反,在欧洲d鸟中,亮/暗周期似乎没有控制产卵时间,但是太阳光谱中紫外线成分的每日变化似乎可能是这种行为的Zeitgeber。

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