The functional importance of the bladder mus-cularis mucosa has not been established. Lee et al (page 1287) from Japan compared the neurohumoral modulation of this layer and the detrusor smooth muscle.1 They focused on the effects of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), a potent endogenous relaxant of detrusor contraction that is released from the detrusor upon bladder wall distension. They dissected mucosa and detrusor bundles from guinea pig bladders, and measured changes in contractility using isometric tension recording.
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