Plant regeneration via organogenesis from shoot base-derived callus of Arachis stenosperma and A-villosa

摘要

Plant regeneration via organogenesis was obtained from shoot base-derived callus cultures of wild Arachis species, viz. Arachis stenosperma and Arachis villosa. The callus was induced from the pulse-treated (5000 ppm IBA for five minutes) shoot bases on MS medium supplemented with 11.42 muM IAA. Green spots (meristemoids) and purple-coloured leafy shoots were. observed from the shoot base-derived callus within 2-4 weeks of culture on a medium containing half strength MS nutrients and B5 vitamins supplemented with 22.20 muM BA, 2.85 muM IAA and 1.0 muM TDZ. Shoot regeneration frequency up to 75% and 68% was observed in A. stenosperma and A. villosa respectively. Anatomical study revealed the organogenic pathway of regeneration from callus cultures. The regenerated shoots of A. stenosperma were rooted with a frequency of 52% on media supplemented with 16.12 muM NAA and 2.32 muM kinetin. In A. villosa, optimum response of 25% rooting was observed on media supplemented with 11.4 muM of IAA and 2.32 muM kinetin. The rooted plantlets were transferred to-soil: vermiculite (1: 1) mixture for two weeks fortified with 1/2 MS nutrients and finally transferred to soil in pots with 75% survival rate. The regenerated plantlets of both the wild species flowered and set seed normally.