Gestational diabetes mellitus - screening and diagnosis by one step procedure.

摘要

In this study, a one-step procedure which could serve as both a diagnostic and screening tool for gestational diabetes mellitus was evaluated. 800 pregnant women in their 2nd or 3rd trimester, from Uttar Pradesh, India, were included in the study. Oral glucose challenge test was conducted wherein each subject was given 50 g oral glucose load for the glucose challenge test and venous blood samples were collected after one hour. The subjects then followed up after 72 hours for the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), conducted on an empty stomach, wherein blood samples were collected prior to testing and 2 hours after testing for plasma glucose. Out of the 800 subjects, only 540 reported for the 75 g OGTT. The results were then referred to the WHO and ADA criteria for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. It was determined that the WHO criteria were superior to the ADA criteria as a one step screening method for gestational diabetes mellitus. A single GCT with a 75 g of oral glucose load and diagnosis of women with 2 hr postprandial glucose >= 140 mg/dl as gestational diabetes mellitus, as suggested by WHO, is recommended for universal screening. This method is easy to perform, economical, and has better patient compliance with fewer visits and needle pricks.