Effects of Panax Ginseng Alcoholic Extract on Histomorphometric Changes of Ovaries in Offspring Rats from Diabetic Mothers

摘要

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common diseases of the body's endocrine system; and despite great progresses in its controlling in pregnant women the risk of birth of abnormal babies in these patients is significantly higher than healthy people.Now, the original and effective treatment of diabetes is consumption of insulin and glucose-lowering chemical medicines. But, these compounds have numerous side effects. According to this, consumption of medicinal plants in order to reduce the complications of the disease during pregnancy period is recommended. So this study is aimed to investigate possible morphological changes resulting from administration of the extraction of Panax ginseng root on ovarian tissue changes of three-month-old-rats born to diabetic mothers. A number of 32 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats approximately weighing 200-250 g were prepared and divided into four groups of eight each that included: healthy control group (the rats were kept without receiving any material), diabetic control group (the rats received 50 mg/kg Streptozotocin as intraperitoneally), ginseng control group (the rats received 400 mg/kg oral dose of Panax ginseng extract) and ginseng treatment group (the rats received 50 mg/kg dose of Streptozotocin as intraperitoneally and 400 mg/ kg oral dose of Panax ginseng extract). After becoming pregnant and passing from this period, a number of five three-month-old female rat infants were selected from each group. The animals were then dissected and their ovariantissues were removed for tissue studies and H-E staining. Number of primordial follicles in diabetic control group had significant reduction compared to healthy control group. Also the number of primordial follicles in ginseng control group had significant increase compared to diabetic control group. Diameter of primordial, primary, secondary and graafian follicles and corpus luteum had significant decrease compared to the healthy control group. Also the size of primordial, primary, secondary and graafian follicles and corpus luteum had significant increase in ginseng control group compared to diabetic control group. The size of primordial follicle in ginseng treatment group had significant increase compared to diabetic control group (p<0.05). Given the above, it is found that the number and the size of ovarian follicles in three-month-old infants born to diabetic mother rats had reduced due to production of free radicals as well as induction of apoptosis; and Panax ginseng extract, due to its antioxidant compounds and also its apoptogenic properties, had improved changes of ovarian tissue in infants born to diabetic mother rats.