Current concepts of PPAR-gamma signaling in diabetes mellitus [Review]

摘要

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs, alpha, delta and gamma) constitute a distinct subfamily of the superfamily of nuclear receptors that are activated by naturally occurring fatty acids or fatty acid derivatives. Recently, there is an increased interest in PPAR gamma research because they (a) are key regulators of adipocyte differentiation and energy source and (b) are cellular targets of thiazolidinedione drugs, which are used to treat Type 2 diabetes by decreasing insulin resistance, Additionally, PPAR gamma has emerged to be a powerful player in general transcriptional control of numerous cellular processes, with implications in diabetes and obesity, cell cycle control, carcinogenesis, inflammation, atherosclerosis and immunomodulation, This review focuses on some of the recent research on the pivotal role of PPAR gamma in insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. [References: 97]