National institutes of health consensus development conference statement: diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus, march 4-6, 2013.

摘要

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition of carbohydrate intolerance of varying severity that begins or is first recognized during pregnancy, and is one of the most common complications of pregnancy. In some cases, GDM is actually type 2 diabetes that has not previously been diagnosed, but for most patients the glucose intolerance disappears soon after delivery. The prevalence of GDM varies because of different screening and diagnostic criteria, populations, race, ethnicity, age, and body composition. Using current testing criteria in the United States, GDM prevalence is estimated to be between 5% and 6%, affecting approximately 240,000 of the more than 4 million births occurring annually.