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The Potential of Commercial Sensors for Spatially Dense Short-term Air Quality Monitoring Based on Multiple Short-term Evaluations of 30 Sensor Nodes in Urban Areas in Korea

机译:基于30个传感器节点的30个传感器节点在韩国的多次短期评估的空间密集短期空气质量监测的商业传感器的潜力

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Recently, highly spatially dense air quality monitoring networks using low-cost sensors have been attempted worldwide. However, the quality of data from these sensor networks remains to be validated. This study assessed the potential of low-cost sensors for spatially dense air quality monitoring. Thirty sets of air quality sensor nodes for CO, NO2, O-3, PM2.5, and PM10 were custom-built to evaluate their consistency in measurement, both among the sensor nodes and between the sensor node and instruments that use Federal Reference/Equivalent Methods (FRMs/FEMs) in the real atmosphere under two distinctly differing meteorological conditions (summer and winter) in Seoul and Busan, Korea. We found that commercially available low-cost sensors possess great potential as monitors for short-term air quality studies in urban areas, at least for one-month periods, given that (1) the self-consistency among the 30 sensors was high (R-2 > 0.93), (2) the consistency between the sensors and the FRM/FEM instruments was reasonably high (R-2 > 0.87 overall for the periods of comparison), and (3) the consistency both among the sensors and between the sensors and the FRM/FEM instruments remained stable throughout the summer and the winter. However, vigorous data post-processing is needed to obtain reliable air quality data. For longer-term or temporally discontinuous monitoring, several issues must be addressed, including the limited lifetime of sensors, the degradation in sensor performance over time, and the long warm-up times for gaseous pollutant sensors. The O-3 sensors required minimal post-processing correction, and the particulate matter and CO sensors agreed well with the FEM instruments after appropriate scale correction, but the NO2 sensors required additional efforts to correct for the effects of meteorological conditions and interfering materials. Overall, our results suggest that when investigating spatiotemporally heterogeneous distributions of air pollutants in various urban environments, a three-dimensional sensor network can be a useful tool for short-term monitoring, as long as data are corrected properly.
机译:最近,在全球范围内尝试了使用低成本传感器的高度空间密集的空气质量监测网络。但是,这些传感器网络的数据质量仍有待验证。本研究评估了空间密集空气质量监测的低成本传感器的潜力。 CO,NO2,O-3,PM2.5和PM10的三十套空气质量传感器节点是定制的,以评估它们在传感器节点和使用联邦参考的传感器节点和仪器之间的测量中的一致性。在韩国首尔和釜山的两个明显不同的气象条件(夏季和冬季)下的真实气氛中的等效方法(FRMS / FEM)。我们发现市售的低成本传感器具有巨大的潜力,因为在城市地区短期空气质量研究的监视器,至少为期一个月的时间,鉴于(1)30个传感器之间的自我一致性高(R -2> 0.93),(2)传感器和FRM / FEM仪器之间的一致性相当高(总体上为比较时的R-2> 0.87),(3)传感器之间的一致性和之间的一致性传感器和FRM / FEM仪器在整个夏天和冬季保持稳定。但是,需要剧烈的数据处理以获得可靠的空气质量数据。对于长期或时间不连续监测,必须解决几个问题,包括传感器的有限寿命,传感器性能随时间的降解,以及气态污染物传感器的长预热时间。 O-3传感器需要最小的后处理校正,颗粒物质和CO传感器在适当的比例校正后与FEM仪器相同,但NO2传感器需要额外的努力来纠正气象条件和干扰材料的影响。总体而言,我们的结果表明,当在各种城市环境中调查空气污染物的时空异质分布时,三维传感器网络可以是短期监测的有用工具,只要数据正确纠正。

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