Influence of impurities on the bulk and grain-boundary conductivity of CaZrO3-based proton-conducting electrolyte: A distribution of relaxation time study

摘要

In the present work single-phase proton-conducting electrolyte CaZr0.95Sc0.05O3-delta (CZS) is synthesized by a conventional solid-state technique with different impurities content. Impurities are introduced by using different milling bodies during the synthesis. It is shown that milling by steel balls or grinding in a jasper mortar results in approximately 1 at.% of iron and silica respectively. Milling with ZrO2 balls does not lead to a noticeable increase in the level of impurities in CZS.