Metabolic correlates of menopause: An update

摘要

Purpose of review: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of characteristics that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. We will review the most interesting and relevant studies on metabolic correlates of menopause published over the last year. Recent findings: In the past year, studies have shifted focus from effects on cardiovascular disease and diabetes to effects of MetS on breast cancer as well as menopausal symptoms. Studies have found and further confirmed its negative effect on both breast cancer and menopausal symptoms. Focus has also been on treatment options including both lifestyle and pharmacologic. Recent studies also further investigate markers/predictors as well as genetic components influencing MetS development. Summary: Over a quarter of the US population is affected by metabolic disease at midlife, and some studies have shown that the incidence of MetS increases with menopause. There are now more Americans who are age 65 and older than at any other time in US history. Thus, it is becoming ever more important to understand metabolic health, as well as the consequences of MetS.