Four major cotton identity programs strive to differentiate their cotton from generic cotton by means of applying different sets of social, environmental and economic standards in their production processes: organic cotton, Fairtrade cotton, Cotton made in Africa, and the Better Cotton Initiative. This article summarizes the main characteristics of each program and provides updated production data (Table l). Textile Exchange defines the term "organic" as "a method of farming without the use of toxicand persistent pesticides or fertilizers, sewage sludge, irradiation or genetic engineering, and certified by an accredited independent organization. It is a system of farming that strives for a balance with nature, using methods and materials that are of low impact to the environment." Biotech seeds are banned.
展开▼
