首页> 外文期刊>Crop Protection >Echinochloa species control in maize (Zea mays L.) with sulfonylurea herbicides applied alone and in mixtures with broadleaf herbicides.
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Echinochloa species control in maize (Zea mays L.) with sulfonylurea herbicides applied alone and in mixtures with broadleaf herbicides.

机译:单独施用磺酰脲类除草剂或与阔叶除草剂混合施用的玉米(Zea mays L.)中的E虫(Echinochloa)物种控制。

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摘要

Experiments were conducted to assess the control of Echinochloa oryzoides and Echinochloa phyllopogon with rimsulfuron, nicosulfuron, and foramsulfuron applied alone or simultaneously with selected broadleaf herbicides (i.e. dicamba, MCPA, sulcotrione, and mesotrione) used in maize. In pot experiments, rimsulfuron (at 12.5 g ai/ha), nicosulfuron (at 40 g ai/ha), and foramsulfuron (at 45 g ai/ha) applied at the three- to four-leaf growth stage provided on average 88, 94, and 82% control of E. oryzoides and 81, 88, and 76% control of E. phyllopogon, respectively. The average control provided by rimsulfuron, nicosulfuron, and foramsulfuron at the four- to five-leaf growth stage was 76, 81, and 71% of E. oryzoides and 66, 82, and 62% of E. phyllopogon, respectively. Greatest control of both species at any growth stage was observed with nicosulfuron followed by the highest dose of rimsulfuron or the highest dose of foramsulfuron. Co-application of dicamba or MCPA with each sulfonylurea herbicide provided lower control of both grasses at any growth stage than the sulfonylurea alone. The addition of sulcotrione to the mixtures improved the efficacy of rimsulfuron and foramsulfuron on both species at any growth stage, whereas mesotrione did not affect the efficacy of the sulfonylureas on E. oryzoides and E. phyllopogon in most of the cases. Field experiments with the same herbicide treatments applied at the late growth stage of the two species (beginning of tillering) showed the same behavior to that observed in the pot studies regarding the efficacy of the mixtures in most of the cases, but the reduced efficacy of the treatments pointed out the necessity of the timely application of all sulfonylurea herbicides for effective control of both species. All herbicide treatments resulted in grain yield equal to that of the weed-free control without any visible symptoms of toxicity or stunted growth on maize plants.
机译:进行了实验,评估了单独或与选定的阔叶除草剂(如麦草畏,MCPA,磺草三酮,草甘膦,草甘膦,和甲基磺草酮)用于玉米。在盆栽实验中,在三叶至四叶生长期平均施用88粒瑞莫磺隆(12.5 g ai / ha),烟嘧磺隆(40 g ai / ha)和甲磺隆(45 g ai / ha), 94和82%的E控制。稻瘟病菌和 E的81、88和76%控制。 phyllopogon 。在四叶至五叶生长期,rimsulfuron,nicosulfuron和formamsulfuron提供的平均防治效果分别为e的76%,81%和71%。毛虫和 E的66%,82%和62%。 phyllopogon 。用烟嘧磺隆观察到在任何生长阶段对这两个物种的最大控制,其次是最高剂量的利福磺隆或最高剂量的甲磺隆。麦草畏或MCPA与每种磺酰脲类除草剂的共同施用在任何生长期都比单独的磺酰脲类对两种草的控制要低。向混合物中加入磺胺三酮可提高瑞磺隆和甲磺隆在任何生长阶段对两种菌的功效,而甲基磺草酮则不会影响磺酰脲类对E的功效。毛虫和 E。在大多数情况下,叶粉体。在两个物种的生长后期(分er期开始时)使用相同的除草剂处理的田间试验表明,在大多数情况下,关于混合物的效力,与盆栽研究中观察到的行为相同,但是这些处理方法指出了及时应用所有磺酰脲类除草剂以有效控制这两种物种的必要性。所有除草剂处理均导致谷物产量与无杂草对照相等,而没有任何明显的毒性症状或玉米植物生长受阻。

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