Incoherence in the controlled Hamiltonian is an important limitation on the precision of coherent control in quantum information processing.Incoherence can typically be modeled as a distribution of unitary processes arising from slowly varying experimental parameters.We show how it introduces artifacts in quantum process tomography and we explain how the resulting estimate of the superoperator may not be completely positive.We then go on to attack the inverse problem of extracting an effective distribution of unitaries that characterizes the incoherence via a perturbation theory analysis of the superoperator eigenvalue spectra.
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