Measurement of the second-order Zeeman effect on the sodium clock transitionin the weak-magnetic-field region using the scalar Aharonov-Bohm phase

摘要

The second-order Zeeman effect of the sodium clock transition in a weak magnetic field of less than 50 μT was measured as the scalar Aharonov-Bohm phase by two-photon stimulated Raman atom interferometry. The ac Stark effect of the Raman pulse was canceled out by adopting an appropriate intensity ratio of two photons in the Raman pulse. The Ramsey fringes for the pulse separation of 7 ms were obtained with a phase uncertainty of π/200 rad. The nondispersive feature of the scalar Aharonov-Bohm phase was clearly demonstrated through 18 fringes with constant amplitude. The Breit-Rabi formula of the sodium clock transition was verified to be Δ v = (0.222 ± 0.003) x 10~(12) x B~(1.998±0.004) in a magnetic field of less than 50 μT.