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The making and changing of smoking persons in public health policy and practice: Ethnography of a world-first illicit tobacco program

机译:在公共卫生政策和实践中吸烟者的制造和变化:世界上第一个非法烟草计划的人种志

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摘要

In this ethnographic investigation of an "upstream" public health program to tackle illicit tobacco, we identify various processes by which particular kinds of people-both smokers and nonsmokers-are constituted in public health policies and practice, and what effects these constructions have for those so constituted and for the overall project. Our suggestion is that notions and dynamics implicit in public health (and, in this case, tobacco control) theory,epistemology, and procedures, create the conditions for negative consequences, notwithstanding any explicit aim to "improve people's lives." In making our argument, we draw on several conceptual framings, including Foucault's notions of anatomo-and biopolitics and their impact on the constitution of suitable subjectivities and Hacking's ideas about "making up people." We thus argue that through the rhetorical redeployment of categorizations of smokers and models of smoking personhoods, in the context of tobacco control practice, stakeholders in the illicit tobacco program created and reified the subjects of interventions as particular kinds of smoking persons, which then befitted the "smoking realities" which had been simultaneously produced in these movements of rhetorical practice.
机译:在一项针对“上游”公共卫生计划以应对非法烟草的人种学调查中,我们确定了公共卫生政策和实践中构成特殊人群(包括吸烟者和非吸烟者)的各种过程,以及这些构造对那些人有何影响如此构成并适用于整个项目。我们的建议是,尽管明确旨在“改善人们的生活”,但公共卫生(以及在本例中为烟草控制)的理论,病原学和程序所隐含的观念和动态因素,为负面后果创造了条件。在进行论证时,我们借鉴了几个概念框架,包括福柯的解剖学和生物政治学概念及其对适当的主体性构成的影响以及哈金的“造人”思想。因此,我们认为,通过对吸烟者的分类和吸烟者的模式进行的言辞重新调配,在烟草控制实践的背景下,非法烟草计划的利益相关者创造了干预对象并将其归类为特定种类的吸烟者,从而使吸烟者适应了在这些修辞实践运动中同时产生的“吸烟现实”。

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