This work demonstrates a multi-stable variable optical attenuator (VOA) that is fabricated by infiltrating a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a liquid crystal (LC) gel. Varying the cooling rate or biasing the electric field during gelation yields various degrees of scattering. Therefore, LC gel-filled PCFs with various transmittances can be realized. At a wavelength of 1550 nm, an attenuation rate of -33.4 dB/cm is obtained at a cooling rate of 30℃/min and a biasing voltage of 400 V during gelation. The proposed all-in-fiber VOA exhibits tunable attenuation and multiple stable states at room temperature.
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机译：这项工作演示了一种多稳态可变光衰减器（VOA），它是通过用液晶（LC）凝胶渗透光子晶体光纤（PCF）制成的。在凝胶化过程中改变冷却速率或偏置电场会产生各种程度的散射。因此，可以实现具有各种透射率的LC凝胶填充的PCF。在1550 nm的波长下，胶凝过程中以30℃/ min的冷却速率和400 V的偏置电压可获得-33.4 dB / cm的衰减率。所提出的全光纤VOA在室温下具有可调的衰减和多个稳定状态。
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