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Adhesion of Explosives

机译:炸药的附着力

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It is of increasing importance to understand how explosive particles adhere to surfaces in order to understand how to remove them for detection in airport or other security settings. In this study, adhesion forces between royal demolition explosive (cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine) (RDX), pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), and trinitrotoluene (TNT) in their crystalline forms and aluminum coupons with three finishes, acrylic melamine (clear coating), polyester acrylic melamine (white coating) automotive finishes, and a green military-grade finish, were measured and modeled. The force measurements were performed using the atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based colloidal probe microscopy (CPM) method. Explosive particles were mounted on AFM cantilevers and repeatedly brought in and out of contact with the surfaces of interest while the required force needed to pull out of contact was recorded. An existing Matlab-based simulator was used to describe the observed adhesion force distributions, with excellent agreement. In these simulations, the measured topographies of the interacting surfaces were considered, although the geometries were approximated. The simulations were performed using a van der Waals force-based adhesion model and a composite effective Hamaker constant. It was determined that certain combinations of roughness on the interacting surfaces led to preferred particle-substrate orientations that produced extreme adhesion forces.
机译:了解爆炸性颗粒如何粘附在表面上,以了解如何将其除去以在机场或其他安全设置中进行检测,这一点变得越来越重要。在这项研究中,皇家拆除炸药(环三亚甲基三硝胺)(RDX),季戊四醇四硝酸酯(PETN)和三硝基甲苯(TNT)的结晶形式与具有三种表面处理的铝试样,丙烯酸三聚氰胺(透明涂料),聚酯丙烯酸三聚氰胺(进行了测量和建模(白色涂层)汽车饰面和绿色军用级饰面。使用基于原子力显微镜(AFM)的胶体探针显微镜(CPM)方法进行力测量。将爆炸性粒子安装在AFM悬臂上,并反复使其与目标表面接触和分离,同时记录拉出接触所需的力。现有的基于Matlab的模拟器用于描述观察到的粘附力分布,且一致性极好。在这些模拟中,尽管对几何形状进行了近似估算,但考虑了相互作用表面的测量形貌。使用基于范德华力的粘附模型和复合有效Hamaker常数进行仿真。已经确定相互作用表面上的某些粗糙度组合导致产生极端粘附力的优选的颗粒-基材取向。

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