Study of chemical compositions of the essential oils of aerial parts of Prangos ferulacea (L.) lindly in growing stage in the north of Fars province.

摘要

There is a direct relation between the essential oils, that are produced and restored by the different plant species, and the biosynthesis, metabolism and biological activities of the plant, which depend on the ecological-climatic conditions of the plant's environment. The differences between chemical compositions of the essential oils caused a specific function of the plants in ethno-botany. Prangos (Umbelliferae family) is one of these plants. In Zagros Mountain, the livestock avoided grazing Prangos ferulacea in the growing stage while ethno-botany realizes the dried form of the plant is the best feed for livestock. The goal of the present research is to realize the changes that occur in the chemical compositions of Prangos ferulacea essential oils in green and dried forms in Eghlid Mountain, north of Fars province. The aerial parts of Prangos ferulacea were collected and dried in the growing stage (April). The collected green and dried samples were extracted by hydro-distillation method. The yield of essential oils in growing stage was 1.9% for green form and 2.1% for dried form. The chemical compositions of essential oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS and recognized by reliable references. 47 compounds constituting 92.3% of dried form oil and 38 compounds constituting 95.76% of green form oil in the growing stage were identified. The main and common components of essential aerial oils of the plant in green and dried form were as follows: terpinolene (56.3-38.1%), alpha -terpinene (2.25-1.6%), caryophyllene<(E)->(4.7-3.6%), bornyl acetate (2.96-1.8%). As it was predicted the results showed that some harmful components such as alpha- and beta-pinnene, myrcen and delta -3-carene were absent and the amount of terpinolene, beta -phellandrene, isopentyl isovalerate and bornyl acetate were decreased in dried form.