The effect of rootstocks on the productivity and fruit composition of Vitis vinifera L. 'Cabernet Sauvignon' and 'Kekfrankos'.

摘要

A study was initiated to determine the effect of rootstock on productivity and fruit composition of two Vitis vinifera L. cultivars. Viticultural data were collected for three years. Vitis vinifera L. 'Cabernet Sauvignon' and 'Kekfrankos' scion wood was bench-grafted on 'Teleki 5C', 'Teleki Kober 5BB', 'Teleki Fuhr SO4', 'Fercal' and 'Georgikon 28' rootstocks. Grafted vines were planted in Cserszegtomaj, Hungary (46 degrees 49'45"N; 17 degrees 15'16"E). Vineyard establishment, trellis systems, and cultural practices were standardized among the blocks and years. The soil conditions were the same, but the three years were different in heat summation and precipitation. The two cultivars had different yield production, sugar collection and total acid content independent of the rootstock effect. The greatest benefits of using rootstocks were seen in 2007, where extreme dry weather conditions hit the vineyards and the yields from 'Cabernet sauvignon' increased 30% on 'SO4' and 19% on 'Georgikon 28', yields from 'Kekfrankos' increased 11% on 'SO4' and 'Fercal'. In addition to yield effects, grafting combinations with 'Teleki 5C' on 'Cabernet sauvignon' and 'Georgikon 28' on 'Kekfrankos' had greater sugar accumulation. Both scion cultivars had the highest phenolic compound concentrations in both years (anthocyanin, proanthocyanin and catechin) grafted on 'Teleki Kober 5BB'. Our results demonstrate that rootstock choice had a significant effect on fruit characteristics of both scion cultivars, especially under drought stress.