Geographical distribution and morphological diversity of wild strawberry germplasm resource in China.

摘要

Based on a systematical investigation, 11 species of Fragaria spp. have been described as distributed in China. There are eight diploid species including F. vesca L., F. nilgrrensis Schlecht., F. pentaphylla Lozinsk., F. gracilis A. Los., F. nubicola Lindl., F. viridis Duch., F. daltoniana J. Gay. and F. mandschurica Staudt., three tetraploid species, including F. orientalis Losinsk., F. moupinensis (Franch.) Card. and F. corymbosa A. Los. The wild strawberry species are mainly distributed in northeastern, northwestern and southwestern China. Among the 11 species, F. orientalis Losinsk. is distributed widely from Jilin to Hunan. F. nubicola Lindl. and F. daltoniana J. Gay. were only found in Tibet. F. viridis Duch., is originated in Xinjiang region. A pentaploid strawberry genotype was found in Changbai Mountains in northeast China. Morphological analysis of 58 wild strawberry genotypes native to China was done in the field. Among the 33 morphological traits, the fruit shape, petal shape, hair on pedicel and stolon, and calyx state showed great differences. The C.V. of most of morphological traits was between 21% and 47%. But the C.V. of petal length, flower width, and length of hairs on petiole were below 20% and especially of fruit shape, reached 80.03%.