In this issue of Blood, Larrue et al identify the downstream posttranslational regulation of the Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) internal tandem duplication (ITD) protein. This study adds further to the understanding of beneficial impact of using "dirty" proteasome inhibitor in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study also provides a novel antileukemia role of autophagy, since it is a well-known physiological process that controls normal cell homeostasis through protein degradation and turnover of cell organelles.
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