Rapidly Translating Novel Vaccine Concepts into the Clinic

摘要

CRM197 is a nontoxic mutant of diphtheria toxin containing a single amino-acid substitution of glutamic acid for glycine. CRM197 is a well-characterized carrier protein used in a number of approved and highly successful conjugate vaccines including Pfizer's Prevnarr pneumococcal vaccine, a multibillion-dollar franchise; HibTiterr {Haemophilus influenzae b) vaccine, and Novartis' Menveor meningococcal vaccine.Traditionally, CRM197 is produced by fermentation of a Corynebacterium diphtheriae C7 ((3197) tox (-) strain, which secretes it into the culture supernatant. It is then recovered after separation of biomass and purified using filtration and chromatographic steps. Typically, titers and overall yields are relatively low.