Skin Disorders in Older Adults:Manifestations of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases

摘要

Various metabolic and endocrine diseases can produce changes in the skin. The most common cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus are builosis diabeticorum, acanthosis-nigricans, diabetic dermopathy, and necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum. In many cases, these disorders result from the deleterious effects that high glucose and insulin levels have on the vasculature. Tophi can develop in patients with chronic untreated gout. Calcinosis cutis encompasses a group of disorders in which calcium deposits form in the skin; the four major types are dystrophic, metastatic, iatrogenic, and idiopathic. Xanthomas can reflect lipid metabolism alteration associated with hyperlipidemia, or they can result from local cell dysfunction.