How does the manner of viewing influence the lightness contrast and assimilation?- wholistic viewing or partial viewing

摘要

Festinger et al.(1970) demonstrated that the observers tended to report lightness contrast rather than assimilation when they attended to the focal area exclusively. Therefore, we examined the effect of attention on lightness contrast and assimilation. It was found that the manner of viewing, wholistic or partial, operated by the instruction influenced the contrast and assimilation and that how to influence the manner of viewing depended on observers. In this concern, Noguchi (2001) stated that Pragnanz tendency was critical in determining the manner of viewing. We emphasized, in addition, the importance of perceptual organization peculiar to the individual observers.