Synthesis of All-carbon Chains and Nanoparticles by Chemical Transformation of Halogenated Hydrocarbons at Low Temperatures

摘要

The paper reviews synthetic procedures towards carbonaceous materials via chemical dehalogenation or dehydrohalogenation of halogenated hydrocarbons, which take place at mild temperatures and pressures. Special attention is being paid to a preparation of unusual carbon structures, viz. sp-bonded all-carbon chains (carbyne-like materials), fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes. This article upgrades previous reviews on this subject, published in 1997. Among the most interesting recent outputs, we may quote the preparation of fullerene C_(60) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes by simple chemical reactions occurring at ambient conditions.