Comparison of C-banded chromosomes in karyotypes of three species of the genus Matricaria L.

摘要

Comparison of C-banded chromosomes were studied in karyotypes of two related wild species, Matricaria maritima [M. perforata] (2n = 2x = 18) and M. inodora [Tripleurospermum inodorum] (2n = 4x = 36), and compared with that of cultivated M. chamomilla [Chamomilla recutita]. All nine pairs of homologous chromosomes were identified in their genomes on the basis of chromosome morphology and C-banding patterns. Similarity of the C-banding patterns of diploid M. maritima and tetraploid M. inodora chromosomes and a low level of intra- and interspecific C-banding polymorphism was discovered. Two similar subgenomes were revealed in the karyotype of a tetraploid M. inodora, which indicates its autopolyploid origin. Differentiation of subgenomes was detectedin this species. It is suggested that the chromosomes of tetraploid and diploid species belong to the same genome. Comparison of karyotypes of two wild species with the Mch genome chromosomes of Matricaria chamomilla, which was studied earlier, allowedthe conclusion that their genomes are not identical. The genome common to both M. maritima and M. inodora was designated Mm.