Atomistic visualization of behavior of internalcrystalline boundaries, such as grain boundaries and interfaces,was realized by time-resolved high-resolution transmissionelectron microscopy at a spatial resolution of 0.1 nm and a timeresolution of 1/60 s. Various types of atomic processes inmechanical interaction including approach, contact, bondingdeformation and fracture, grain boundary migration, and interfaceformation in gas-phase epitaxial growth, were demonstrated in this review.
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