Evaluation of Apple Rootstocks, Development of Fruit Research and the Current Germplasm Collection in Skierniewice, Poland

摘要

In Poland, most fruit is grown in small, family-run orchards. The climatic conditions of Poland are quite variable. From time to time we experience a very cold winter, with temperatures reaching -35 deg C (-31 deg F) or lower, particularly in the eastern and northeastern parts of our country. The vegetation period lasts about 200 days. The hottest month is July, with temperatures of about 18 deg C (65 deg F). The maximum temperature rises in some years, up to 35 deg C (95 deg F). The greater part of the country has light, sandy soils and rather low levels of precipitation, ranging from 500 to 600 mm (20-24 in.).