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Identification of offshore active faults on seismic profiles -application of fault related fold, growth strata and growth triangle.

机译:在地震剖面上识别海上活动断层-断层相关褶皱,生长地层和生长三角形的应用。

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Seismic profiles generally show fault-related foldsand flexures rather than faults themselves. In order to infer faultgeometry and active fault movements, studies of fault-relatedfolding, growth strata and growth triangles were reviewed.Folding styles can be divided into hinge migration folding andfixed hinge folding. The former is characterized by an increaseof the width of a limb while its dip and thickness remainconstant. In contrast, the latter type of folding occurs by limbrotation. A hinge migration folding is widely recognized in low-angle thrust belts developed in sedimentary sequences. Based onthe difference of relationship between folds and faults, foldstyles are divided into fault-bend folding, fault-propagationfolding and detachment folding. The strata deposited duringgrowth of folds form a "growth triangle" that preserves thehistory of fold growth. In contrast, faults involving basementrocks accompany folds of which hinges are almost fixed, thatare characterized by a downward increase of limb rotation andchange in thickness. The trishear model is one of the models,which can explain characteristics of fixed hinge folding. Growthstrata may show growth triangle like structure in the trishearmodel. In and around the Transverse Ranges in southernCalifornia, balanced cross sections including detachments atmid-crustal level have been constructed. The amount and rate ofcontraction have been estimated based on restoration of thesections. It is expected that collecting deep seismic profiles anddrilling data will clarify the amount and rate of contraction in Japan.
机译:地震剖面通常显示与断层有关的褶皱和挠曲,而不是断层本身。为了推断断层的几何形状和活动的断层运动,对断层相关褶皱,生长地层和生长三角形的研究进行了综述。褶皱样式可以分为铰链迁移褶皱和固定铰链褶皱。前者的特征是肢体的宽度增加,而其下垂度和厚度保持恒定。相反,后一种类型的折叠是通过肢体旋转发生的。铰链迁移折叠在沉积序列发育的低角度冲断带中得到广泛认可。根据褶皱与断层之间关系的差异,将褶皱样式分为断层弯曲褶皱,断层传播褶皱和分离褶皱。在褶皱生长期间沉积的地层形成了“褶皱三角形”,保留了褶皱生长的历史。相反,涉及基岩的断层伴随着铰链几乎固定的褶皱,其特征是肢体旋转的向下增加和厚度的变化。三剪切模型是其中一种模型,可以解释固定铰链折叠的特征。在三剪切模型中,Growthstrata可能显示出生长三角形的结构。在加利福尼亚南部的横向山脉及其周围地区,构造了包括断壳中壳水平的平衡断面。收缩量和收缩率是根据断面的恢复估算的。预计收集深层地震剖面和钻探数据将阐明日本的收缩量和收缩率。

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