首页> 外文期刊>Cognition: International Journal of Cognitive Psychology >Eliminating dual-task costs by minimizing crosstalk between tasks: The role of modality and feature pairings
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Eliminating dual-task costs by minimizing crosstalk between tasks: The role of modality and feature pairings

机译:通过最大程度地减少任务之间的串扰来消除双重任务成本:模态和功能配对的作用

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We tested the independent influences of two content-based factors on dual-task costs, and on the parallel processing ability: The pairing of S-R modalities and the pairing of relevant features between stimuli and responses of two tasks. The two pairing factors were realized across four dual-task groups. Within each group the two tasks comprised two different stimulus modalities (visual and auditory), two different relevant stimulus features (spatial and verbal) and two response modalities (manual and vocal). Pairings of S-R modalities (standard: visual-manual and auditory-vocal, non-standard: visual-vocal and auditory manual) and feature pairings (standard: spatial-manual and verbal-vocal, non-standard: spatial-vocal and verbal-manual) varied across groups. All participants practiced their respective dual-task combination in a paradigm with simultaneous stimulus onset before being transferred to a psychological refractory period paradigm varying stimulus-onset asynchrony. A comparison at the end of practice revealed similar dual-task costs and similar pairing effects in both paradigms. Dual-task costs depended on modality and feature pairings. Groups training with non-standard feature pairings (i.e., verbal stimulus features mapped to spatially separated response keys, or spatial stimulus features mapped to verbal responses) and non-standard modality pairings (i.e., auditory stimulus mapped to manual response, or visual stimulus mapped to vocal responses) had higher dual-task costs than respective standard pairings. In contrast, irrespective of modality pairing dual-task costs virtually disappeared with standard feature pairings after practice in both paradigms. The results can be explained by crosstalk between feature-binding processes for the two tasks. Crosstalk was present for non-standard but absent for standard feature pairings. Therefore, standard feature pairings enabled parallel processing at the end of practice. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译:我们测试了两个基于内容的因素对双重任务成本以及并行处理能力的独立影响:S-R模式的配对以及两个任务的刺激和响应之间的相关特征的配对。在四个双任务组中实现了两个配对因素。在每个组中,两项任务包括两种不同的刺激方式(视觉和听觉),两种不同的相关刺激特征(空间和言语)和两种响应方式(手动和声音)。 SR模式的配对(标准:视觉-手动和听觉-语音,非标准:视觉-语音和听觉手册)和特征配对(标准:空间-手动和言语-语音,非标准:空间-声音和言语-语音)手册)因群体而异。所有参与者都在同时发生刺激的范例中练习了各自的双重任务组合,然后才转移到改变刺激开始异步的心理不应期范例。在练习结束时进行的比较显示,两种范式都有相似的双重任务成本和相似的配对效果。双工成本取决于模式和功能配对。使用非标准特征配对(即,将语言刺激特征映射到空间分隔的响应键,或将空间刺激特征映射到言语响应)和非标准模态配对(即,听觉刺激映射到手动响应,或将视觉刺激映射)进行分组训练(语音响应)的双重任务成本要高于相应的标准配对。相比之下,在两种范例中都经过实践后,无论采用哪种模式配对,双重任务成本实际上都随着标准特征配对的消失而消失了。结果可以通过两个任务的特征绑定过程之间的串扰来解释。非标准存在串扰,但标准特征配对不存在。因此,在实践结束时,标准特征配对启用了并行处理。 (C)2016 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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