The influence of the coke characteristics and blast-furnace conditions on the durability of air tuyeres is considered. Blast-furnace performance is adversely affected by failure of the air tuyeres. The combustion of the tuyeres is due to a combination of gas-dynamic and temperature factors, which will be different for each tuyere. Major factors include the blast temperature and flow rate; the oxygen concentration; the coke consumption; the slag yield; the quantity of hot metal; and the batch quality [ 1 ].
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