Seizure produced by 20 Hz transcranial magnetic stimulation during isometric muscle contraction in a healthy subject.

摘要

Epileptic seizure is a rare side effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in healthy subjects (Pascual-Leone et al., 1993). Safety guidelines for safe stimulus parameters-were first published in 1998 (Wassermann, 1998) and updated in 2009 (Rossi et al., 2009). Since 1998, only two cases of seizure have been reported in subjects with no predisposing conditions when rTMS is performed within safe stimulus parameters (Nowak et al., 2006; Oberman and Pascual-Leone, 2009). The safety parameters were determined in subjects at rest. It remains unclear whether contracting a muscle sufficient to generate motor evoked potentials (MEPs) during stimulus trains may affect the risk for seizure.