Fetal alcohol syndrome: a phenocopy of spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome?

摘要

A phenocopy is an environmentally induced condition that mimics an inherited condition. Examples of this include endemic cretinism and Pendred syndrome and warfarin embryopathy and congenital defects of vitamin K metabolism (Lenz, 1970; Menger et ai, 1997). Similar to the warfarin embryopathy, prenatal exposure to ethanol has pleiotropic effects on many tissues including the skeleton (Castriota-Scanderbeg and Dallapiccola, 2005).