The topographic anatomy of the masseteric nerve: A cadaveric study with an emphasis on the effective zone of botulinum toxin A injections in masseter

摘要

Introduction: Botulinum toxin injections are previously reported to be a noninvasive alternative method for treating masseteric hypertrophy. However, there is a debate on finding an ideal place for injection. The aim of this study is to document the anatomical landmarks for defining the motor nerve entry points (MNEPs) of the masseteric nerve in the masseter for effective botulinum toxin injections.