Cumulative effect of soil and foliar application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur on growth, physico-biochemical parameters, yield attributes, and fatty acid composition in oil of erucic acid-free rapeseed-mustard genotypes

摘要

The feasibility of split (soil + foliar) applications of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and addition of a small quantity of sulfur (S) in the spray was tested for improving performance of rapeseed-mustard genotypes in a factorial randomized field experiment. Three genotypes (two erucic acid free, viz. Brassica napus L. cv. 'Hyola PAC - 401' and Brassica juncea L. Czern. and Coss. cv. 'TERI (0E) M 21-Swarna', and one best performing high yielding Brassica juncea L. cv. 'Rohini' as a check) were grown with four soil (B) plus foliar (F) applications of N, P, and S with uniform basal 30 kg potassium (K) ha(-1) (K-30), viz. (i) the optimum soil-applied treatment supplemented with the spray of deionized water (BN90P30 + Fw) comprising control, (ii) B-N70P30 + F N-20, (iii) BN70P28 + FN20P2, and (iv) BN70P28 + FN20P2S2. Soil Plus foliar application of nutrients, particularly BN70P28 + FN20P2S2, improved their performance with respect to growth characteristics (shoot length plant(-1), leaf number plant(-1), area leaf(-1), leaf area index, fresh weight plant(-1), and dry weight plant(-1)), physico-biochemical parameters (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, carboxylation efficiency, water use efficiency, carbonic anhydrase activity, leaf NPK content, and N use efficiency), yield attributes (pod number plant(-1), seed number pod(-1), 1000-seed weight, seed yield ha(-1), oil content, and oil yield ha(-1)), and fatty acid composition in oil of these genotypes. The cultivar 'Hyola PAC-401' performed best particularly with BN70P28 + FN20P2S2. The improvement in the response of genotypes to the split application of nutrients may be attributed to their ready availability through foliar application.