EFFECT OF SOWING TIME AND SOWING RATE ON STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS AND CRUDE PROTEIN YIELD IN WINTER VETCH (VICIA VILLOSA ROTH.)

摘要

With the purpose of studying the effect of sowing time and sowing rate on structural elements and crude protein yield in winter vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.), in IFC- Pleven a two-factor field trial was carried out by the split-plot method. Sowing was conducted at three dates (20-25 September, 5-10 October, 20-25 October) at three sowing rates (180, 220 and 260 g.s./m~2). Result analysis showed pronounced tendencies in the values of structural elements and crude protein yield under the influence of the studied factors. Postponement of the sowing from first (20-25 September) for second and third date (5-10 October and 20-25 October) resulted in reduction of plant height (by 5.8% on average), 1000-seed weight (by 6.2% on average) and seed germination (by 1.1% on average). The later sowing dates were characterized by formation of a greater pod number per plant (by 32.4% on average). The increase of the sowing rate from 180 to 220 and 260 g.s./m2 resulted in decrease of winter vetch height (by 4.5% on average), pod number per plant (by 10.3% on average), grain number per pod (by 7.3% on average), 1000-seed weight (by 8.5% on average) and seed germination (by 1.4% on average). The combined interaction of the two factors determined the sowing in the period of 5-10 October at the rate of 220-260 g.s./m~2 as an optimum variant for obtaining of the maximum crude protein yield.