Contrasting patterns of allometry and realized plasticity in the sister species Mazzaella splendens and Mazzaella linearis (Rhodopohyta)

摘要

Phenotypic differences between the low wave exposure Mazzaella splendens (Setchell et Gardner) Hommersand and the high exposure Mazzaella linearis (Setchell et Gardner) Fredericq could be due to plasticity or genetic differentiation. Common gardens were used to assess their levels of plasticity after describing allometric relationships. As thalli lengthened, stipe development for M. splendens almost ceased even though blades continued to expand, but M. linearis formed a larger stipe before developing a blade that continued to stay narrow at longer thallus lengths. Common gardens demonstrated that M. splendens regrown in the site of M. linearis produced a wider blade than M. splendens regrown in its natural low energy site and that M. linearis regrown in low wave energy either could not form a wider blade or became narrower than thalli from its high energy site. Tetrasporophytes of M. splendens produced a longer and thicker stipe in the high energy site, but the larger M. linearis stipe was not realized because its wider blades made it vulnerable to hydrodynamic removal. Mazzaella splendens therefore had low survivorship in the high wave energy site, and survivors were not long enough to reproduce. Survivorship and reproduction of M. linearis was similar in both environments. Some of the M. splendens and M. linearis characters are plastic, but this plasticity was insufficient for convergence of phenotypes, and blade width plasticity was maladaptive at least for M. splendens. Developmental systems producing the stipe and blade phenotypes of each species have undergone genetic differentiation.