Antifungal Vapour-phase Activity of a Combination of Allyl Isothiocyanate andEthyl Isothiocyanate Against Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum Infectionon Apples

摘要

The potential use of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) andethyl isothiocyanate (EITC), singly and in combination,was tested in in vitro and in vivo trials for theireffect on Penicillium expansum Link and Botrytis cinereaPersl. infection on apple when used as a fumigant.A 3 : 1 ratio of AITC : EITC was more efficient atreducing in vitro spore germination of P. expansumand B. cinerea than were other combinations or eitherAITC or EITC alone. The optimized combinationshowed the lowest EC50 values, at 0.08 and 0.14 lg/mlair, for P. expansum conidial germination and mycelialgrowth, respectively, and 0.07 and 0.12 lg/ml air forB. cinerea conidial germination and mycelial growth,respectively. In in vivo trials, artificially infected appleswere exposed for 4 days to an ITC-enriched atmosphere.Among the ITCs tested, AITC, EITC and theircombinations reduced incidence by more than 85%after 3–4 days of apple incubation at 20C. Althoughfurther studies are necessary to evaluate any detrimentaleffects on apple quality, the evidence from thisstudy supports the use of fumigation based on ITCs,and in particular a 3 : 1 combination of AITC andEITC, for control of postharvest mildew in apple fruit.