FOAMED-CEMENT EVALUATION WITH CONVENTIONAL CEMENT LOGS AND IMPROVED INTERPRETATION METHODS

摘要

Methods used to evaluate conventional cements with logging data may not yield valid results for foamed cements. Logging tools commonly used in cement evaluation are traditional cement-bond-log (CBL) tools and modern ultrasonic scanning tools. CBL took provide waveform images and acoustic amplitudes that describe cement-to-pipe and cement-to-formation bonding. Ultrasonic scanning tools provide circumferential images and detailed information about the cement-to-pipe bond. The major problem in evaluating foamed cements is that their impedance values can be less than those of annular fluids, such as mud or water.