Genetic analysis of pod yield and other confectionery traits in large seeded groundnut, Arachis hypogaea L.

摘要

Genetic analysis of pod yield and other important yield traits in large seeded genotypes using six generation means indicated the major role of non-additive (h) gene action in the inheritance of pod yield, shelling per cent, sound mature kernels, number of pods, number of mature and immature pods in both the crosses viz., J 11 x TGLPS 3 and TKG 19A x J 11. The character SMK per cent was the only trait, which was influenced by additive as well as non-additive genetic effects (d) in both the crosses. The traits shelling per cent and 100-kernel weight were found to be governed by both additive as well as non-additive genetic effects in the crosses J 11 x TGLPS 3 and TKG 19A x J11, respectively. Among the epistatic components of genetic variance, the fixable additive x additive genetic component (I) was significant for almost all the traits except for days to flowering in both the crosses and only in J 11 x TGLPS 3 for 100 kernel weight. However, interaction due to additive x dominance (j) was lackingfor all the traits except for 100-kernel weight in the cross J 11 x TGLPS 3. The interactions due to dominance x dominance (1) genetic effects prevailed in both the crosses for shelling per cent and days to flowering, while for number of pods and SMK percent only in the cross J 11 x TGLPS 3 and for 100 kernel weight in TKG 19A x J 11. Thus, the inheritance of majority of the yield traits appears to be complex, which necessitates intermating in the segregating generations followed by pedigree breeding for the genetic enhancement of large seeded groundnut.