Field Evaluation of Fungicides, Bioagents and Soil Amendments Against Root Rot Caused by Macrophomina phaseolina in Cluster Bean

摘要

Severe losses occur in clusterbean yields due to root rot. We therefore tested in three experiments seed dressing fungicides, bioagents and soil amendment with oilcakes to control root rot disease. Seed dressing fungicides were found to be effective in reducing the pre-emergence seed rot, post-emergence seedling rot, disease incidence and resulted in increased grain yields. Effective fungicides were carbendazim 50WP [methyl-benzimidazole-2yl-carbamate (MBC)], thiophanate methyl 70 WP [1,2-bis (3-ethoxyl carbonyl-2-thioyreido) benzene], thiram 75 WSP (tetramethyl thiuram disulphide) and captan 50 SP (N-trichloromethyl-thio-4 cyclohexane-l,2-discarboximide). Bioagents Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum and Gliocladium virens and soil amendment with neemor mustard cake showed superiority in reducing the pre-emergence seed rot, post-emergence seedling rot and root rot disease incidence and in increasing grain yields. Compared to treatments with effective bioagents and soil amendments, fungicides produced 50 to 100 kg/ha extra grains yields. The use of bioagent and oil cakes do not harm the environment but improve sustainability of field soils.