Fungal Diversity in Soil Samples from Cultivated, Barren and Garden Lands

摘要

The microbial biomass contributes to the maintenance of soil fertility and soil quality in both natural and managed soils. Fungal diversity depends on soil quality and its changes in key indicators such as soil texture, organic matter, pH, nutrient status, electric conductivity etc were studied. Identification of biological indicators of soil quality was also critically done as soil quality is strongly influenced by microbiological processes. Enumeration of the different physical, chemical and microbial characteristics of some selected cultivated agricultural field, natural un-disturbed barren land, and maintained garden soil samples around the city of Aurangabad was carried out. The occurrence of 85 species distributed in 45 genera of Hyphomycetous fungi were discovered in soil samples. All the three types of soils were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Gloeosporium, Gliocladium, Curvularia, Fusarium and Trichoderma. The genera distinctive of the agricultural soils were Stachybotrys, Candida, Rhizoctonia, Nigrospora, Gliomastix, Thermomyces, Scopulariopsis and Monodyctis. The genera characteristic of barren land were Staphylotrichum, Gilmaniella, Evicoccum, Gonatobotrium, Cylindrocarpon, Aureobasidium, Myrothecium Sporobolomyces, Phialomyces, Scytalidium. The genera, Geotrichum and Trichocladium were found to be typical of garden soils. The two way ANOVA indicated no significant difference between soils from the three ecological sites but the soil factors differed significantly.