Laparoscopic Transcystic Common Bile Duct Exploration: T-Shaped Incision of Cystic Duct with FREDDY Laser Lithotripsy

摘要

Objectives: Optimal laparoscopic techniques for management of gallstones concomitant with common bile duct (CBD) stones remain under debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate a novel approach to managing gallstones concomitant with large or impacted CBD stones through a modified laparoscopic transcystic CBD exploration (LTCBDE) with frequency-doubled double-pulse neodymium: YAG (FREDDY) laser lithotripsy.